Architectural and dramatic producing spiky, cone-shaped flower heads loved by butterflies and bees on tall spiny stems in the second year or can be left to feed the birds, especially finches.
Features: Architectural and dramatic with spiky, cone-shaped heads.
Sowing Guide - Indoors: Sow indoors 0.5cm (1/4") deep, in a tray of compost. Water well and place in a cold frame, unheated greenhouse or on a warm kitchen windowsill. Keep moist. Germination may be erratic, so prick out seedlings individually as they develop. Further germination may be prompted by covering with plastic and leaving outside to chill for 2-3 weeks, after which bring into the warmth at approx. 15oC (60oF). Transplant individually when large enough to handle to 8cm (3") pots. Gradually accustom young plants to outside conditions, before planting out 45cm (18") apart. Once established they can self-seed.
Soil Type: Well drained, fertile
Position: Part shade
Hints & Tips: Mainly seen growing wild in open woodland and damp grassland. Stem-clasping leaves retain water, creating a useful resource for wildlife.
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